War of 1812

Despite its military victory over Great Britain in the American Revolution, the United States continued to have disputes over trade restrictions and the impressment of American sailors, as well as continuing British support of Native American tribes with its former colonial master. In 1812, these issues led to direct war, The War of 1812.

The war progressed over three distinct military theaters. The first took place on the oceans, where Britain blockaded the Atlantic coast, seeking to strangle American trade and commerce. Numerous privateers on both sides attacked shipping. The second theater ran along the US-Canadian border, comprising both land and sea battles, including aborted invasions of Canada. The third theater of battle took place in the American South, culminating in Andrew Jackson's victory at the Battle of New Orleans in 1815.

The War of 1812 provided the United States with several key iconic moments, if not any real military gain. The first was the invasion of Washington and the burning of the White House by British troops. Second was the iconic victory of the USS Constitution (Old Ironsides) over the HMS Guerriere. Third was the bombing of Ft. McHenry, which led to Francis Scott Key writing the Star Spangled Banner, the American national anthem. Both sides declared victory following the Treaty of Ghent, a negotiated settlement that restored the status quo.