Hematology

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Hematology is a branch of medicine that specializes in the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of disease in the blood. Hematology must deal with the various systems that work towards the production of blood, as well as the components of blood. These include the following:

• Bone marrow
• Blood cells
• Hemoglobin
• Blood vessels
• The spleen
• Blood protein
• The mechanism of coagulation, or clotting

A physician specializing in hematology is known as a hematologist.

Becoming a Hematologist

In order to become a hematologist, a medical student must complete the regular course of medical school, followed by additional years of residency and internship. Some may spend an additional two or three years specializing in the experimentation, diagnosis, treatment of blood disorders. Hematology can be essential in treating diseases such as the following:

• Lymphoma
• Leukemia
• Anemia
• Sickle cell anemia
• Other hematological diseases

The word hematology is derived from the Greek root "heme," meaning blood. Some conditions, such as iron deficiency anemia, can be easily treated. Other hematology conditions, such as hemoglobinopathies, are caused by genetic defects, and must be managed, rather than cured. Various treatments employed by specialists in hematology may include increased oral iron intake, dietary changed, or anticoagulation therapy in cases where such a prevention of excess coagulation is necessary.