Dna Profiling
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It seems that when it comes to profiling through DNA analysis there are several advantages over the conventional fingerprint.
- Because DNA can be extracted from any cellular tissue and generated from a single cell, only microscopic amounts of physical remnants are required to identify a criminal or victim.
- Police use DNA as evidence in investigations like fingerprints, hairs, etc.
- DNA profiles are much more discriminating than fingerprints. For instance, conventional fingerprinting relies significantly upon an intact fingerprint for evaluation.
- ADNA is very stable, taking approximately 40 years to degrade, and can be extracted from tissues resistant to degradation, such as teeth and bone. In contrast, after a fire, bombing, or decomposition, identifying fingerprints that are intact is virtually impossible.
Advantages to DNA Profiling Over Fingerprinting
What is perhaps most astonishing about DNA profiling as a means to differentiate between human beings is the way in which the technique evolved. Considering that at the turn of the twentieth century fingerprinting was the culmination of forensic science, and continued to be so for almost 100 years, and DNA had been discovered by Watson and Crick in the 1950s, one would wonder what prompted scientists to put the two together. It an attempt to assess how this miracle of modern science came about a look into the process behind and the history of the DNA fingerprint is warranted.
Forensic Profiling and DNA
Although the technique of DNA profiling was clearly defined and well considered in the research, what was not as apparent was the theory that led to its development. Surprisingly, the theory behind the use of DNA profiling as analogous to fingerprinting is based on the transfer theory of forensic science. The transfer theory allows comparison of the identifying and individualizing traits between two objects and rendering a conclusion based on the association between the two.